Research Paper on Propaganda Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

On Propaganda - Research Paper Example This paper defines what propaganda is, illustrates this definition with some examples from the modern world, and explains how it works on different audiences. A typical reference book definition of propaganda is this: â€Å"Propaganda: Media that have the sole purpose to persuade people to support a particular religious or political cause.† (Mills: 2010, p. 134) This shows that propaganda can be in different forms, since media includes written and spoken messages, and also books, newspapers, radio, television and internet. It can take the form of factual reporting or fictional works. The important thing about propaganda is that it has a very clear and single purpose, which is to persuade people to think or act in a certain predetermined way. Persuasive texts are very common but not all of them are propaganda. The difference between propaganda and persuasion is that the propaganda text presents only one side, and assumes that this is the only acceptable point of view. Opposing ideas may be mentioned, but only in order to mock them or argue against them. Any information provided is selected to favor the main message. Other information is ignored or twisted to suit the purpose of the speaker or writer. Very often propaganda distorts facts, or deliberately cites erroneous material in order to distract the audience from forming a balanced opinion. A lawyer or a politician who argues a case will point out both sides of an argument and try to persuade the audience that one side is more believable and supportable than the other. This is not propaganda because it tries to be fair and uses reasonable argumentation. Propaganda is often used in political contexts. This is because politicians depend on the votes of an audience, and in election periods they work very hard to change people’s minds so that they become politically active, and choose one candidate over another. Slogans and posters serve to pinpoint key beliefs. Politicians sometimes resort to unfai r tactics such as inventing negative stories about their opponents or twisting facts to make themselves look good and other people look bad. A classic example of this kind of propaganda is the way that Nazi German politicians categorized Jewish citizens as â€Å"barbaric and subhuman† and blamed them falsely for all the bad things that were happening in Germany at the time. (Welch, 1995, p. 47) The propaganda was so powerful that it ultimately sanctioned the persecution of Jewish people, resulting in the ultimate horror of concentration as the example of Nazi racism, but nevertheless many of the same techniques are used. Insurance firms describe accidents and make people worry about their safety in order to make people invest in insurance policies. This is a negative type of propaganda, but many companies use propaganda in a positive way, in order to make the audience feel that they need and want something. This can be seen, for example, in television advertisements for Panas onic Blu Ray equipment. These show an idyllic family living room, and a cinematic style voiceover makes soothing recommendations to â€Å"Free Your HD† and uses the justifying argument â€Å"Because HD Freedom matters.†(Panasonic, 2011) The use of the abstract word â€Å"freedom† in the context of storage of video content is an exaggeration of the importance of such a device. The advertisement mimics political rhetoric and depicts a

I Know Why the Caged Birds Sing Essay Example for Free

I Know Why the Caged Birds Sing Essay 1. In the memoir the passage reveals Ritie’s self image. She characterizes herself as unappealing she does not see beauty within who she is. Ritie’s childhood led to her insecurities. When she was younger her parents took her to move with her grandparents. She believed her parents dishonored her. Ritie did not find her skin beautiful. She believed white was beauty. She was an uncomfortable in her own skin. She tried to become someone she is not because she knew how everyone view and felt about her. Since her childhood she received her appearance. Ritie kept her identity intact by not letting peoples judging and views influence her. 2. After years of separation Ritie’s relationship with her mother is respected. She respects her mother for who she is. Ritie sees her mother as a strong women, she knows her mother will also love her for who she is. Ritie admires her mother she looks up to her. Her love for her grandmother is more of mother daughter bond. Ritie’s role model is her grandmother and she is proud to say it. She sees her momma as a strong powerful person. She is tough but loving. Ritie’s wants to become like her grandmother, she loves her. 3. Maya knew she was different. She knew she did not fit in with the other girls in school. She did not feel that she was equal with everyone else she felt as she did not belong with the other children. She did not associate with anyone. She would isolate herself in a store. She barely socialized with any children. She stayed away from children her age even others. A comparison to race was when she was younger her tooth ached. The dentist was not willing to work with her. He was very racial and only worked with white patients. Ritie’s family copes with racism by not letting it affect them. They ignored, they maintained their dignity. 4. At the end of the memoir Ritie learns what might seem right to you will not always be viewed the same with others. For one to hare greatness they must go through obstacles. She learns everyone has the own definition on what is wrong and right. Ritie applies this when she had her baby she grew up and it gave her confidence in her baby. She always did what was best for her baby. 5. Why the Cage Bird sings shows that there is always a light at the end of a tunnel. When there’s darkness and disadvantages there is always hope to find your path. It shows they had to deal with negativity and racism but they took that and turned it into positive. The title relates they went through many struggles but in the end they can be free. 6. Adversity in the story delt with abandonment, racism, childhood trapped, unacceptance, also religion. In Mayas case she and her brother were sent to live with their momma in Stamps, Arkansas. She always had it in her mind that her parents were not alive. When she found out they were she had the feeling of abandonment she felt that they did not want her. When Mayas dad comes to get them she does not want to leave. She got use to Stamps. She overcomes her adversity by realizing her parents were going through a difficult situation. 7. Lessons can be learned about the South. Situations are never easy but you have to make the best of it. In life we are always going to struggle but we must stay strong and not let it get the best of us. There are always going to be people who judge you or don’t accept you. But if you know who you are and where you come from that’s all that matters. Another lesson is when should not try to be. Someone we are not we must appear ourselves because no one is perfect. We all have insecurities about ourselves but we should love who we are. Natasha De La Cruz Grade: 10 Title: â€Å"Bless Me, Ultima† Author: Rudolph Anaya 1. During the World War 2 actions occurred in this novel. In the novel a women lost her sons due to the war. Gabriel had both of her sons fighting in the war which was also significant hat occurred was a veteran shoot Chavez because he was affected by the war. 2. The characters adapt to the landscape because of the family’s different life livings. Antonio had to live two different life styles. His mother’s families were simple farming people. It was easier for them to farm everything was more nourishing. His father’s family was rougher around the edges. They were more independent and the land was harder to work with. Both families had their own values. 3. A movie that relates to this novel is Ruby Bridges. Both Ruby and Antonio go through struggles in their life to make something out of them. The film is about a young six year old African American girl who had enough potential to get into a better school for a better education which was in an all Caucasian school. Around that time racism was still around. Ruby was the only African American girl in her class, which then led problems to the parents of the children in her class. No one accepted her in the new school except her teacher. Throughout the beginning she had faced crowds of white citizens against her physically and emotionally. One day she was encouraged by her teacher and her mother who gave her strength and she made it through. She became significantly important in the civil rights movement.

Visiting Innsbruck †Gem of Tyrol! Popular destinations

Visiting Innsbruck – Gem of Tyrol! Popular destinations Innsbruck – Gem of Tyrol! Hallo! (Welcome in German) Innsbruck, the capital city of Tyrol is located in the middle of the Alps making it an awesome location for a vacation! It is most famous for its largest ski resort and has hosted the Winter Olympics twice. The name Innsbruck means ‘the bridge over the inn’. Innsbruck, which brings back pictures of snow and skiing between the Alps, is the perfect place to ski with spectacular surroundings. It is a paradise for a person who loves snow and skiing! The beautiful surroundings with snow clad mountains make it a perfect Alps getaway location. Best Season to Visit Innsbruck Innsbruck, being located in Central Europe enjoys a Continental climate with cold and snowy winters. The temperature during winter nights can go below -10 degree Celsius. During the fall season, hotels are cheaper, but you will miss the best part of the surroundings as they are without snow and without skiing. Spring lasts for a short time with slightly warmer days and cool nights. Summers (June to August) in Innsbruck are quite unpredictable with sunny, rainy or hot days and with a huge range of temperatures. However, the summer months are the main tourist season. Highlights (Special things to do in Innsbruck) Explore the beautiful 16th century Renaissance castle Schloss Ambras that is located on a hill. Visit the city’s famous symbol the Golden Roof (Goldenes Dach), which was earlier used by the emperor and his wife to watch the festivities. Ride the cable car to the Patscherkofel mountain ski area with stunning landscapes all around. Ski jump at the Bergisel Ski Jump. This has to be one of the top things to do in Innsbruck. Hike along the mountain trails soaking in breathtaking views of snow clad mountains at the North Park. Spend a leisure afternoon at the Botanical Garden where nature is at its best! Spend an entire day at the various city museums – Alpine Club Museum, Anatomical Museum, Tyrolean Folk Art Museum and several others. Stroll along Maria-Theresien-Strasse to best experience the city. Watch a spectacular musical or opera performance at the state theatre Tiroler Landestheater. Visit the Alpen zoo located by the hill with alpine animals, birds and other rare animals. Hotspots of Innsbruck Maria-Theresien-Strasse: This is the most famous place in the city for shopping, restaurants, cafes, pubs or just to enjoy a stroll with friends and family. Kaufhaus Tyrol , 6 floors of exquisite shopping paradise is located here. The architecture of the surrounding buildings with snow clad mountains in the background gives a different feel to the city. It is a perfect place to enjoy the beautiful surroundings at the courtyard cafes. This is not a place to be missed on your Innsbruck holiday! Schloss Ambras: The most popular tourist attraction in Innsbruck is the Ambras castle (Schloss Ambras in German). This castle has an interesting collection from the sixteenth century that includes silk paintings, rhinoceros horn goblets, bronze works, glass porcelain and ivory figures. The gardens here are beautiful with small waterfalls and forest trails. Bergisel Ski Jump: This is a place you cannot miss in Innsbruck. It is located on a hill and offers an unforgettable experience to ski while being surrounded by the most beautiful landscapes. If you visit at the end of January/February, you can watch the International Four Hills Tournament and other snowboarding competitions here. There is a tower restaurant and a museum here that offers great views of the beautiful snow clad mountain landscapes. Patscherkofel: A famous Alps mountain ski area, Patscherkofel is one of the best places to ski. Few of the Olympic events in the past were held at the Patscherkofel ski area. It is an unbelievable snow clad mountain that offers a panoramic view! The cable car to reach the top offers stunning views on the way. Shopping in Innsbruck Kaufhaus Tyrol is the most famous shopping destination in Innsbruck with 6 floors of an international shopping experience. DEZ Einkaufszentrum is very popular with the tourists as it was the first shopping arcade in Austria with over a 100 stores and restaurants and cafes. Swarovski Kristallwelten is one that cannot be missed even if you do not want to shop. The entrance to this place is a waterfall from a giant face with crystal eyes; there is a museum and a store to buy the world famous Swarovski crystals or jewelry or articles made of crystal. You can buy souvenirs, crystals and other porcelain artistic items in the old town. The old town is the best place to in indulge in authentic and artistic local shopping. Maria-Theresien-Strasse is known for its shopping as well as restaurants and cafes. How to reach Innsbruck By Air – Innsbruck Kranebitten Airport is the largest airport in Tyrol and it is well connected to all major cities in Europe with regular flights. There are seasonal flights to/from UK, Hamburg, Netherlands and Berlin. Munich Airport is 2.5 hours from Innsbruck; there are buses and vans available from the airport to Innsbruck. Ensure to book a minivan in advance if you are carrying ski equipment. By Train – Innsbruck is well connected by trains with other European cities. You can take a train from any of the nearby airports to reach Innsbruck. Most tourists travel by train from Munich, Venice, Vienna, Zurich and Graz; there are train services to/from other European cities as well. The Austrian train services Ãâ€"sterreichische Bundesbahnen (OEBB)operates to the suburbs and other cities in the country. The main train station is in South-Tyrolean Square in the Innsbruck City Centre. Ensure to check for available discounts – you can get 50% discount with Ãâ€"BB Vorteilscard, 25% discount with rail card if you travel from another country and a special discount if you are under the age of 26. By Road – You can drive to Innsbruck via autobahn motorways A 12 or A 13. It is easy to drive to Innsbruck due to its location between the valleys. You will have to pay toll charges on both motorways; they are well maintained and make it easy to drive to Innsbruck. How to get around in Innsbruck The best way to explore Innsbruck is by walk or by bicycle. The city center and nearby places are within a few minutes by walk and this is the best way to enjoy the beautiful landscapes. You can drive within Innsbruck but it is difficult to find parking for long durations and hence not recommended. The public transportation in Innsbruck is efficient and connects all areas. The tickets are valid on buses, trams and trains within Innsbruck. There are 4 tram lines with 2 connecting the villages close by. Buses operate to the major tourist attraction areas and are scheduled and regular. S-bahn is the suburban train service that connects the city, towns and villages close by. Innsbruck Card promoted by Innsbruck tourism provides free entry to some of the tourist attractions including the Alpenzoo and public transportation; you can avail the card for 24, 48 or 72 hours. Top areas in Innsbruck Pradl – A very popular village in Innsbruck, Pradl is famous for its theatre Pradler jousting. The area is connected by tram and is easy to commute to and from the city center. Natters – Most famous for Lake Natters, Natters is located by the mountains. It is a village with a lot of history from the sixteenth century. It is a beautiful little village that makes for a quiet vacation with beautiful landscapes. Amras – Located on the motorway, Amras is well connected by tram and bus services. Amras is most known for its castle, gardens and parish. The village has a lot of chapels and is a perfect place for a leisure stroll with beautiful landscapes around the village. There are a lot of hotels available at reasonable prices in Amras. The famous shopping center DEZ Einkaufszentrum is located in Amras. Natters – This is a beautiful town in the Wipptal valleys that is most famous for its ancient buildings, which take you back to the sixteenth century. Hoetting – Hoetting is a beautiful small town in Innsbruck which is well connected by train and bus services. The town has several ancient churches that are worth visiting; the beautiful landscapes around add a scenic touch to the church buildings. The town also has Hunger castle and Hofgarten which attracts more tourists. Hofburg – This area is known for its palace and is a prominent cultural building in the country. The palace has a lot of ancient history with a beautiful Gothic hall and courtyard. The Apline Club museum is located in the vicinity. Lans – This area is most known for its skiing area, recreational center and Lanseree Lake. It offers the most beautiful surroundings with only about 1000 habitants. It has a lake that is preferred by tourists who want a quiet leisure vacation amidst pristine nature. You can play golf amidst the mountains and the lake. Lans is a beautiful place for a vacation either during summer by the lake or during winter by the snow clad mountains. Danke! (Thank You in German)

The Importance of Sound in William Shakespeares Macbeth Essays

The Importance of Sound in Macbeth      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Macbeth, the shortest and perhaps darkest play by Shakespeare, is a tale of over-riding ambition, human nature, and supernatural meddling. Macbeth is the main character in the play, and although he begins the story a loyal subject and brave hero, the power bestowed on him poisens and corrupts him until he eventually turns evil and seeks more, to his downfall. As the central figure of the play, Macbeth sets in motion a sequence of events that brings about the destruction and eventual rebirth of Scotland, giving the play an essentially dark tone. There are, however, varying degrees of evil, subtly different in texture and context. One way Shakespeare indicates the styles of evil throughout the play Macbeth is through the use of sounds. Sounds in the play fall under four categories: nature, man-made, the sounds of battle, and human cries.    The first category of sounds used are that of nature, which symbolize evil deeds and death. Animal sounds most prevalent throughout the play are those of birds, specifically those of owls and ravens. Traditionally, owls symbolize death and to hear the call of one is considered ill omened. In Act II, Lady Macbeth - a creature of evil herself- comments, "Hark! Peace! / It was the owl that shrieked, the fatal bellman, / which gives the stern'st goodnight" (II, ii, 3-5). The goodnight referred to, somewhat ironically, is that of eternal sleep, as she knows King Duncan has just been murdered, perhaps at the very moment the owl called. This omen could have been interpreted as either good or ill by her, since her designs were evil and the owl could have represented the Darkness' acceptance of her, or as a foreshadowing of her own sinking into darkne... ...ird) like all together." And so it is, and always shall fair be foul and foul be fair.    Works Cited: De Quincy, Thomas. "From On the Knocking at the Gate in Macbeth." Elements of Literature, Sixth Course. Eds. Robert Probst, et. Al. Austin: Holt, Rinehart and Winston. 1997: 330-331 Evans, G. Blackemore. "Macbeth." In The Riverside Shakespeare. Ed. G. Blackemore Evans. Boston: Houghton Mufflin Company. 1974: 1307- 1311 "Imagery in Macbeth." Anonymous. September 15, 2014. Http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=3880 "Imagery of Disease and Corruption." Anonymous 2. September 15, 2014. Http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id "Importance of the Last Two Scenes in Macbeth." Anonymous 5. September 15, 2014. Http://www.123helpme.com/view.asp?id=7195 "Macbeth." Anonymous. September 15, 2014. Http://www.sevarg.net/school/booknotes/Macbeth.txt

Going Green Essay

Our environment is getting worse day by day. It’s getting harder and harder for our families to stay healthy with all the bad things we are around every day. We are affected by our environment, and more people are getting sicker and sicker. This could affect our families and our future one day. The government has been making solutions to solve this problem in the environment. Going â€Å"green† is budding into a national phenomenon, where clothing shops are bagging your organic t-shirts into biodegradable shopping bags. This becomes effective in various provinces in the Philippines. One example is the Tagaytay City. They are now against the use of plastics. Since the environment has been polluted due to the continuous burning of non-biodegradable materials, the use of plastics has been avoided. They have produced eco-bags that will be used by the consumers instead of the ordinary plastic bags used during the previous times. This rule has been implemented in different places and soon, the country will really be â€Å"NO TO PLASTIC!† With that, we can really say that it’s more fun in the Philippines! There can be a solution in helping our environment become better. We can all save the Mother Earth. If we reach out to people who don’t care about our environment, we could change their point of view of things. We could tell them how bad things are in our world and that could change what their prospective on things. Let us discipline them. Let us be participative as the world goes green. Read more:  Essay About Tourism in the Philippines

Operational Excellence Essay Example

Operational Excellence Essay Example Operational Excellence Essay Operational Excellence Essay So to achieve customer satisfaction Eurest at Sainsburys have to identify their clients and customers, then research their needs, then set targets on how to improve their satisfaction, carry these targets and finally they should talk about this action and make sure it is supported by the management. This is a good method of obtaining customer satisfaction, it explains in detail a professional method of achieving this. They have chosen this method because it involves finding out the customers needs and wants, this means that they know exactly what the customers need. Then declaring improvement targets means that they have found, through research, new and efficient ways of satisfying the customers. Finally, prioritising the targets and making sure that the targets are supported by the management is a way off ensuring that the targets are safe and that they are going to be a success. They have chosen this over other targets because off how efficient it is and that they know from experience that it is the best target. For example Eurest at Sainsburys could have decided that to achieve customer satisfaction they should serve good quality meals at a cheap price. This would be a good method, but although it would please some customers, it would also displease other customers because Eurest at Sainsburys would spend a lot of their time sticking to this target and not to the other needs of the customers. Eurest at Sainsburys has achieved this objective in most areas. The company researches what the customers want and tries to adapt to this in all situations. For example Eurest at Sainsburys regularly use a questionnaire scheme, this involves giving the customers a voluntary questionnaire that included various questions on what they want from the staff canteen service. Eurest at Sainsburys the review the questionnaires and introduce schemes like the meal deal scheme. This scheme involves giving the customers a chance to buy a meal deal, a variety of foods for a certain price. This scheme has been a great success and now it is used in all of the Eurest at Sainsburys units. Obviously it is hard for Eurest at Sainsburys to achieve complete customer satisfaction as you simply cannot please everyone, but in this area they have done what they can to achieve this goal. Over the years they have recorded a lot of research on customer satisfaction, it is just a matter of getting the balance rig ht. Establish our position as the market leader in foodservice worldwide. We will continue our focus on the needs of our market places through our use of brands driven and facilitated by New Famous Foods and foodservice brands, and by marketing our operating brands. This means that they want to establish and keep their position as market leader. They want to do this by gaining a well know image for their food and to publicise their brand names. Eurest at Sainsburys use the Eurest and Compass brand names on all of their meals and packaged foods. These brand names are widely known and to achieve this objective Eurest at Sainsburys must keep these brand names successful and research new ways to promote them. They have chosen this objective over others because it aims high and they believe it is achievable. Compass have already achieved market leadership, so what they want for Eurest at Sainsburys is for them to retain their leadership and to make it even better. Eurest at Sainsburys are definitely achieving this objective as we know they are already part of the market leaders. Their brands are the most well known in the contract catering industry they are in the process of creating new market brands. For example if you go into any service station on the motorway, about 85% of these will have a restaurant that has the Eurest or Compass trademark. Also Compass is in the process of creating the compass sandwich range, which has been tested in 10% of the units. The idea is that these sandwiches are of the highest quality and they are made with quality ingredients. Compass wants their employees to be exceptionally good workers, thats why they have given Eurest at Sainsburys this objective. If carried out correctly the staff would have been carefully employed, trained and then to be developed. This is a good objective in theory but this isnt Eurest at Sainsburys strongest area. They have chosen this objective because if carried out correctly, it will have an excellent affect on the staff and business. An alternative to this could be, using a training first objec tive where he staff are heavily trained before doing any work. This should work out to be a good method but Compass have decided on their objective from experience in the industry. Eurest at Sainsburys recently havent been very successful in achieving this objective. At the moment they are having a lot of short-staffing problems, this is due to not carrying out this objective efficiently. For example at the moment Eurest at Sainsburys are moving a lot of permanent, fixed workers from their unit to other units across the country, this is due to short staffing. This is not good for the business as fixed worker are usually fixed to there units and if you move them to other units they may not know the procedures and how to work in that unit. Also many employees are employed without filling in the application form. This means that in some cases almost anyone can get a job working for Eurest at Sainsburys. So as we have learned, this is definitely an area for improvement for Eurest at Sainsburys.

Free Essays on Sputnik

Sputnik It was that blasted â€Å"beep, beep, beep† every 90 minutes reminding the United States, â€Å"Rah, we beat you!† History changed on October 4th 1957, when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik. The Russian’s launched the first artificial satellite from the Baikonur cosmodrone in Kazakhstan which demonstrated the technological superiority of Communism, actually more of a propaganda pain for the United States. The Sputnik launch occurred back in the days when the Americans and the Russians regarded each other as enemies, also known as the â€Å"cold war.† They built massive armies, navies, and air forces and were prepared to engage in global war at a moments notice. American military manuals regarded the Russians as â€Å"The Threat,† and the Soviet Government went as far as training non-military to use small guns to prepare for an invasion from â€Å"The Imperialists.† Sputnik had an elliptical orbit, ranging in altitude from 140 to 590 miles. Sputnik broadcast a steady signal of beeps from two radios for 21 days. It burned up in the earth’s atmosphere upon reentry, 92 days later, on January 4, 1958. It was designed to determine the density of the upper atmosphere and return data about the earth’s ionosphere. Those who did track it gained valuable information about the density of the upper atmosphere. The sputnik launch changed everything. As a technical achievement, Sputnik caught the world’s attention and the American public off guard. The public feared that the Soviets’ ability to launch satellites also translated into the capability to launch ballistic missiles that could carry nuclear weapons from Europe to the U.S. The United States was shocked. Senator Lyndon Johnson said the Russians have was ahead of us in the conquest of space. A line from a movie that dramatized the emotional impact of the launch said, â€Å"Soon, they will be dropping bombs on us from space like kids dropping rocks o... Free Essays on Sputnik Free Essays on Sputnik Sputnik It was that blasted â€Å"beep, beep, beep† every 90 minutes reminding the United States, â€Å"Rah, we beat you!† History changed on October 4th 1957, when the Soviet Union successfully launched Sputnik. The Russian’s launched the first artificial satellite from the Baikonur cosmodrone in Kazakhstan which demonstrated the technological superiority of Communism, actually more of a propaganda pain for the United States. The Sputnik launch occurred back in the days when the Americans and the Russians regarded each other as enemies, also known as the â€Å"cold war.† They built massive armies, navies, and air forces and were prepared to engage in global war at a moments notice. American military manuals regarded the Russians as â€Å"The Threat,† and the Soviet Government went as far as training non-military to use small guns to prepare for an invasion from â€Å"The Imperialists.† Sputnik had an elliptical orbit, ranging in altitude from 140 to 590 miles. Sputnik broadcast a steady signal of beeps from two radios for 21 days. It burned up in the earth’s atmosphere upon reentry, 92 days later, on January 4, 1958. It was designed to determine the density of the upper atmosphere and return data about the earth’s ionosphere. Those who did track it gained valuable information about the density of the upper atmosphere. The sputnik launch changed everything. As a technical achievement, Sputnik caught the world’s attention and the American public off guard. The public feared that the Soviets’ ability to launch satellites also translated into the capability to launch ballistic missiles that could carry nuclear weapons from Europe to the U.S. The United States was shocked. Senator Lyndon Johnson said the Russians have was ahead of us in the conquest of space. A line from a movie that dramatized the emotional impact of the launch said, â€Å"Soon, they will be dropping bombs on us from space like kids dropping rocks o...

Racism in Things Fall Apart Essays

Racism in Things Fall Apart Essays Racism in Things Fall Apart Paper Racism in Things Fall Apart Paper Essay Topic: Things Fall apart Racism has existed throughout human history. It is the belief that all members of each race share biologically transmitted traits that many people consider important. it is also distinguished as being inferior or superior to another race, or races. Race and ethnicity is created by society. Our society is defined by having a certain set of physical characteristics in order to be a member of a given race. Originally all humans in the world belonged to one of the other of these pure races. The United States is a country that is as racially and ethnically diverse as any in the world. The members of the U.S. society consider racial differences more important than people of many other countries. In the United States since its early history, Native Americans, Africans and Europeans were considered to belong to different races. The importance and meanings of race differ from place to place, and also change over time. The novel â€Å"Things Fall Apart,† written by a nigerian author; Chinua Achebe, tells the story of a Nigerian tribe being colonized by the British. This novel largely serves as a response to racist stereotypes of Africans. Throughout the book, the Igbo people are colonized and their culture is then taken over by the british. Okonkwo, in the story, was very well known throughout the 9 villages. He brought honor to the village. Unfortunately, Okonkwo killed himself at the end of the book, which made things â€Å"fall apart.† He wanted to keep himself tied to his religion and his beliefs, and not forget his culture. Committing suicide was a way for him to rebel against the norm of the Christian society. Okonkwo would see himself and his tribe as failing. He thought his tribe became weak, and will no longer be able to fight its enemies. And so, he killed himself because he would rather die than live in a world ruled by white men. The village was not ready to adapt to the changes that were coming, which was the most difficult adjustment

Ethics Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Ethics Assignment - Essay Example The major similarity between these associations is that they uphold the value of safety, competence, faithfulness, integrity, responsibility and honorably. Both the codes of conduct require engineers to be concerned about the public safety, welfare and health. Therefore, they should make decisions that do not harm the public whatsoever. Besides, they should act as competent professionals who only conduct services in which they were educated. Moreover, they should be honest people who do not engage in any deceptive act, but to be truthful to their employers and trustees so as to avoid any conflict of interest. Lastly, these codes of ethics require engineers to be honorable, lawful and responsible professionals who conduct themselves honorably to gain reputation and respect from the society. However, the only difference between these codes of ethics is that ASCE provides a close that advocate for career growth and development. Members of the ASCE are encouraged to continue with education and develop their careers. This can help in adding value to themselves and making them much better each day. So, these are the positions held by the codes of ethics of these engineering associations. Since hey are meant for the benefit of professionals and the general public, they need to be strictly adhered to without any unnecessary

Philosophy Inquiry Study Review Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Philosophy Inquiry Study Review - Assignment Example The study aimed at evaluating the existing differences in responses particularly from the black children as compared to the other children in the classrooms chosen for the study. This objective involved the role of questioning in socialization and  language. Variation of questions  was evaluated  in  proportion  to other types of responses or utterances contained in the three circumstances, as well as the uses of different questions and the assumptions on the functions of questions as established by the author. The objective of the research work was to  indicate  verbal strategies, and how the resultant ethnographic data in the home and community settings could be applied in comparing the collected data in the functions of  language  studies carried out in the classrooms. The research involved collecting  information  beyond the confines of the classroom, i.e. the interactions at the children’s  home  and also the teachers’ homes. This provided the  right  criteria for effective schooling ethnography. The research also aimed at demonstrating the desirability of long term  research  as shown in the author intermittently engaging health in the study for a period of 5 years. The study also aimed at demonstrating the  utility  of incorporating a  clear  frame of reference for use in the study.  The frame of reference used for this particular study was the ethnography of communication and language socialization.  These two elements are recent developments are interdisciplinary in cultural anthropology. The study also had direct  potential  of  application  for  education  improvement in the classroom through the interaction of the community and the  school. Research method The research presents  data  on the  usage  of questions in three different  circumstances. The  study  setup  was carried  out in a city located in the Southeastern United States, known to  comprise  o f black residents of the working class  community, children from this  community  who attended the classrooms selected for the study, and also comprising of the teachers’ homes who teach in the mentioned classrooms. The field work  was carried  out for a period of five years in both institutional and community settings. Results of the study  were shared  and discussed among the institutional and community settings. The first phase of the study  was carried  out in a group comprising of only black residents with the members identifying themselves as a community, both on the basis of  group  membership or spatial members. This  group  was referred  to as  Trackton  in order to  differentiate  the  group  from the entire  public  community. Majority of  Trackton  households had one or more of their members between the ages of 21 and 45, and worked in jobs that provided  high  or  equal  salaries to the teachers. Rulings of segregation often  put  black children to be taught by white teachers, in classrooms that were  formerly  for white students. The key focus on field work was the acquisition of language uses, ways of satisfying needs of children by learning language use, information transmission, asking questions, and convincing other children and adults that they were  competent  communicators. Data  was collected  for a period of five years while observing and participating in the classrooms and some homes for the teachers. Data  collection  was done  across a broad range of  circumstances, as well as longitudinally following the

Communication final project Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Communication final project - Essay Example This essay is an attempt to summarize and apply Emory Griffin’s ideas about personal friendship and communication. If what has been mentioned above is true, it is certain that the first and most important among the fundamentals of friendship is shared personal love. Griffin specified the actual range of varied ideas of love among authors in an effort to find an equivalent broad range of understanding of the essentials of communication and mutual love in friendship. Griffin describes ‘personal love’ or what he specifically referred to as ‘intimate friendship’ as a human relationship that has â€Å"a life of its own that is greater than the separate lives of the two friends† (Griffin, 1987, 214). This definition apparently includes personal awareness by each on the other’s distinctive self-identity. It has been argued that since intimate friendship us a special type of deep-seated love, it will in fact frequently transform into deep-seated love and create desire, or love, for what the completely loved individual requires as instrumental objectives or as way to these objectives. Love will encourage actions. Griffin reminds that intimate friendship, of its essence, will be fundamental love, specifically, imbued with sentiments of love such as bliss, pleasure, sweetness, warmth, or in several instances, forgiveness and sympathy. Making friends and keeping them requires a lot of uphill struggles. Elements like acceptance, patience, understanding and love determine friendship in its best. The main thing that grows as roots to the mentioned instruments is communication; nevertheless, reminds Griffin, communication has also its limitations. Not all communication efforts can strengthen, mend, and revive broken relationships; it can also destroy a good friendship. Communication should then be used with extra caution by making use of judgment. Griffin

The Nuclear Energy Industry in Saudi Arabia Term Paper

The Nuclear Energy Industry in Saudi Arabia - Term Paper Example Saudi Arabia has 16 percent of the oil reserves proven in the world, ranks highest in the exportation of petroleum liquids and has the largest capacity to export crude oil in the entire world (Independent statistics and analysis, Para 2). The nuclear energy industry in Saudi follows Canada as the second largest exporter of petroleum in the ranking for petroleum exporters to the United States. It takes the fifth position in the world’s largest reserve for natural gas through its production is limited. The industry has plans for increasing the capacity to produce electricity to 120GW to meet the growing electricity demand in the country. The major areas of the industry are the refining of natural gas, petrochemicals, crude oil, petroleum and mineral resources. (Independent statistics and analysis, Para 4). The industry has huge oil reserves for oil with Ghawar field being the largest oil field in the world. Saudi Arabia has the highest rate of oil consumption in the world and holds the highest position for crude oil production in the world. Saudi Aramco has an oil processing facility that is the greatest in the entire world and eight domestic refineries for crude oil. It has the fifth largest reserves for natural gas though it does not export any of its production. The natural gas produced therefore is used for domestic consumption. The increased demand for electricity has pushed the need for the industry to increase electricity generation. This will be necessitated by an increase in nuclear power, solar power and other renewable sources and reducing the overall amount of crude oil burning. The Saudi Electric company is the main electricity generator in Saudi Arabia, followed by the Saline Water conversion corporation. Saudi Aramco has its own power plants that generate power for its o wn use in the oil facilities (Banks 120). There was an announcement by the Gulf Cooperation Council in December 2006 that it was conducting a study on a peaceful use  of nuclear energy.  

Business Strategy (Viking Sewing Machines) Case Study

Business Strategy (Viking Sewing Machines) - Case Study Example Company has reformulated its strategy documents, created new mission statement. The changes started with the change in the distribution network and to make retailers as dealer-partners and to motivate them to promote exclusively the company's products. In its biggest market (US) company collaborated with large retail chain Jo-Ann Fabrics and crafts and opened exclusive retail outlets. In its original country (Sweden) company has already a large retailer's network. In other parts, the company do not have exclusive retail network. Changes at the top management level with widespread changes in overall organizational structure as well as in operating systems. Now in the changed situation company has to adopt different business strategies and analyze that whether these strategies are successful or not. Business strategies: There are three main success criterions for the companies Suitability, Acceptability and Feasibility, which could be analyzed as follow: Suitability: It is a broad criterion concerned with whether a strategy addresses the circumstances in which an organization is operating the strategic position. Suitability can be thought as the rationale of a strategy and whether it makes sense in relation to the strategic position of an organization. Feasibility: Feasibility is concerned with whether an organization has the resources and competences to deliver a strategy. A number of approaches can be used to understand feasibility. Financial feasibility and Resource deployment are the two important approaches generally used for feasibility analysis. Now we will analyze the company VSM on the basis of above mentioned three criteria. The mission statement, VSM has clearly defined its priorities as to develop, produce, market and sell consumer sewing machine and related products, creating demand, being a customer driven company through providing quality products, satisfy customers and dealers-partner alike, and continuously adding values to its brands. It specifically emphasized on employees satisfaction and growth opportunities by adding value to its human resources. Its ultimate aim was to be a leading premium company in the world of sewing. It basically aims towards consolidation of its position in the market. To achieve these objectives, company has to formulate its business strategies carefully after analyzing its core areas of competencies, its strategic positioning in the market as well as the various choices it have in its existing situation. For the next 5 years mainly company has to identify its areas of operations and production, marketing and distribution strategies, financial planning and prudence, ex pansion strategies, and careful evaluation of various choices it have to formulate its competition strategies to remain successful sewing manufacturing machine company. Strategies might be regarded as suitable from the point of view of: existing opportunities in the environment and avoiding threats; capitalizing on organizations strengths and avoiding or remedying weaknesses; addressing exceptions. The general environment of western market for sewing machine is becoming saturated and shrinking. Even industrial demands are going down and therefore professional and domestic sewing machine market seeing a slump. Therefore VSM group has an opportunity to expand in East European market and

Group therapy orination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Group therapy orination - Essay Example The American military in World War II also used group methods to treat large numbers of psychiatric causalities. Behavioral theory or behavior modification is the treatment of human behavioral disorders through reinforcement of the desired behaviors and suppression of undesirable behavior. This therapy has its roots with Pavlov but became a developed technique in the United States by B. F. Skinner. He used positive or negative re-enforcers to encourage desirable behavior and punishments to deter undesirable behavior. Originally, behavioral therapy groups worked with anger management and addiction (Ockrnik 2003). One of the specific types of Behavioral group therapy that came out in the 1960s was originally written by Marsha Linehan. This may be the most well known kind of behavioral therapy today. Originally, she developed a program, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), for patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. In the beginning, it appeared to be quite effective and it was adapted to many other type of diagnosis. This writer will look at how effective this therapy turned out to be over the long term as well as the effectiveness of several other new innovations in group therapy. Behavior therapy in groups can be recognized by its emphasis on specifying problems and goals in concrete behavioral terms and in using principles of learning to facilitate behavioral change. Since it is generally assumed that therapy is a learning process, then there are some advantages in group therapy. Much of our learning comes through imitation also there are others to imitate. It is also known that learning takes place more quickly when the individual has something in common with the people around him/her. A group of peers would then be ideal for that purpose. Also adaptive behavior is strengthened when reinforced by peers. Finally, the stimulus situation is closer to natural social

The Nuclear Energy Industry in Saudi Arabia Term Paper

The Nuclear Energy Industry in Saudi Arabia - Term Paper Example Saudi Arabia has 16 percent of the oil reserves proven in the world, ranks highest in the exportation of petroleum liquids and has the largest capacity to export crude oil in the entire world (Independent statistics and analysis, Para 2). The nuclear energy industry in Saudi follows Canada as the second largest exporter of petroleum in the ranking for petroleum exporters to the United States. It takes the fifth position in the world’s largest reserve for natural gas through its production is limited. The industry has plans for increasing the capacity to produce electricity to 120GW to meet the growing electricity demand in the country. The major areas of the industry are the refining of natural gas, petrochemicals, crude oil, petroleum and mineral resources. (Independent statistics and analysis, Para 4). The industry has huge oil reserves for oil with Ghawar field being the largest oil field in the world. Saudi Arabia has the highest rate of oil consumption in the world and holds the highest position for crude oil production in the world. Saudi Aramco has an oil processing facility that is the greatest in the entire world and eight domestic refineries for crude oil. It has the fifth largest reserves for natural gas though it does not export any of its production. The natural gas produced therefore is used for domestic consumption. The increased demand for electricity has pushed the need for the industry to increase electricity generation. This will be necessitated by an increase in nuclear power, solar power and other renewable sources and reducing the overall amount of crude oil burning. The Saudi Electric company is the main electricity generator in Saudi Arabia, followed by the Saline Water conversion corporation. Saudi Aramco has its own power plants that generate power for its o wn use in the oil facilities (Banks 120). There was an announcement by the Gulf Cooperation Council in December 2006 that it was conducting a study on a peaceful use  of nuclear energy.  

Group therapy orination Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Group therapy orination - Essay Example The American military in World War II also used group methods to treat large numbers of psychiatric causalities. Behavioral theory or behavior modification is the treatment of human behavioral disorders through reinforcement of the desired behaviors and suppression of undesirable behavior. This therapy has its roots with Pavlov but became a developed technique in the United States by B. F. Skinner. He used positive or negative re-enforcers to encourage desirable behavior and punishments to deter undesirable behavior. Originally, behavioral therapy groups worked with anger management and addiction (Ockrnik 2003). One of the specific types of Behavioral group therapy that came out in the 1960s was originally written by Marsha Linehan. This may be the most well known kind of behavioral therapy today. Originally, she developed a program, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), for patients diagnosed with Borderline Personality Disorder. In the beginning, it appeared to be quite effective and it was adapted to many other type of diagnosis. This writer will look at how effective this therapy turned out to be over the long term as well as the effectiveness of several other new innovations in group therapy. Behavior therapy in groups can be recognized by its emphasis on specifying problems and goals in concrete behavioral terms and in using principles of learning to facilitate behavioral change. Since it is generally assumed that therapy is a learning process, then there are some advantages in group therapy. Much of our learning comes through imitation also there are others to imitate. It is also known that learning takes place more quickly when the individual has something in common with the people around him/her. A group of peers would then be ideal for that purpose. Also adaptive behavior is strengthened when reinforced by peers. Finally, the stimulus situation is closer to natural social

Why Are Some People Socially Excluded Essay Example for Free

Why Are Some People Socially Excluded Essay Why are some people socially excluded? Are they excluded by society or their own behaviour? In this essay I will aim to discuss why some people are socially excluded and whether their social exclusion is as a result of individual behaviour or a consequence of the forces of society that are ultimately beyond the control of the individual. There is much difficulty when trying to understand as well as explain the term/ idea that is Social exclusion, as writers/institutions have varying degrees (and at times conflicting ideas) of what â€Å"social exclusion† is, who it includes or rather excludes and why some people become socially excluded from the wider society, whether it be through levels of human agency, the impact of institutions and or changes in legislation. Barry (2002) â€Å"SOCIAL EXCLUSION† as working definition is comparatively agree as Individual that are unable to participate or have full involvement in â€Å"key activities† of the societies in which they belong or are a part of. Legrand, Piachaud, Burckhardt (2002). There can be a multitude of differing factors involved leading to an individual or group being excluded from society, however there are many key social problems that have a direct impact on how â€Å"social exclusion† is affected by a large majority individuals/groups. A good example of a key issue is Inequality. Giddens (2006). Inequality affects individuals, in short, by way of differences ,such as Income, Health, Education, Housing, Disability, ‘Race’ and Ethnicity, Gender (and roles), Age Etc Fulcher and Scott (2011). Which essentially in itself (though interrelated), socially excludes/ isolates these groups from one another Le Grand et al (2002). Now although, â€Å"social Exclusion† is not restricted to the confines of any one particular Sub -issue mentioned (though encapsulates them all to some degree), it would be a modest assertion to agree that any individual/group affected by any of these inequalities will undoubtedly be socially excluded of full involvement from â€Å"key activities† of the wider society Le Grand et al (2002). An example of this exclusion could be a person/ group that lived on a deteriorating council estate with low achieving schools and minimal employment opportunities within that their area, could potentially be less able to ‘participate’ in activities which would achieve self betterment Giddens (2006) , say that of an individual/group living in a in which they own, in  an area with reputable schools and jobs are aplenty. This highlights Social exclusion for the former in terms of housing, education, employment as well as income. Though there are numerous examples of how inequality can have a huge impact on individuals’/groups being socially excluded through decision(s) made by forces beyond their control, this in itself can only account for a particular group experiencing Social exclusion and gives no justification for the wider society and how other individual/groups experience social exclusion. Fulcher and Scott(2011). So when considering the many dimensions of Social Exclusion as a concept of â€Å"someone or something being excluded . it raises the question of personal responsibility† Personal responsibility or human agency is the way in which social exclusion is not experienced by forces beyond the control of the individual , but in fact a personal choice not to participate with the activities of wider society, thus excluding themselves from society by their own behaviour Giddens ( 2006). Using the previous example of inequality, â€Å"an individual could choose to turn down a good job to become economically active or abstain from voting in political elections† Giddens(2006 p.356). Though this is an example the that focuses on inequality, social exclusion is a much broader concept than just that, and between sociologist there is much debate on how much agency really does go into social exclusion as a personal autonomy Barry(200), when comparing it to other groups that do chose to isolate themselves from the wider society , for instance , affluent individuals groups that choose private health care over the NHS or private schools as opposed to public schools, it is fair to suggest that there is indeed a level of personal responsibility Fulcher and Scott (2011)

Sociological Perspectives on the Family

Sociological Perspectives on the Family Sociology and the family Introduction This essay will focus on two sociology theories, which are the family life cycle and the functionalist approach. It will give a brief overview of each theory. The essay will go on to apply theory to practice, as this essay will make reference to a service user with a sudo name known as Sean, to up hold confidentiality. While applying the family life cycle to the particular service user, this essay will critique the theories strengths and limitations. In applying the functionalist approach, this essay will highlight how the family is seen as an institution in its self and how other institutions inter play in the service user’s life. The theories used in this essay will highlight areas which apply to the service user and areas in which the theory lacks understanding of the complex situations. Conclusion will be drawn. Overview of each theory According to Falicov (1988, p. 9) the family life cycle has been applied widely to social science, he explains that the ‘life course of families evolves through predictable stages which appear universal in spite of one’s culture or subculture’. Family transits to different stages as form of continuity and changes over the life cycle. Falicov identifies two main aspects to the family life cycle, which are cohesion and adaptability (Falicov1988, p. 9). The cohesion relates to the interdependence parts of one’s life and adaptability refers to the flexibility of the family to change, in this the family cycle essentially focuses on a child’s transition into adulthood within a family setting (Falicov, C. 1988, p. 9). As family goes through its continuity phase and changes, there’s a need for the role of each member in the family to be recognised. Claveirole, A Gaughan, M. (2011) defines the family life cycle as a developmental way of looking at families; it provided a framework for an individual’s development of family members and the cycle itself is influenced by socio cultures developments outside the family.   Falicov, C. (1988, p. 13) says the family life cycle is a subject to mirror timing and coping strategies. Carter, E.A McGoldrick, M. (1999) supports this concept as they stated the family cycle is really one’s individual life cycle, which changes and moves in a framework within the structure of a family. This theory takes into account that one’s framework is structured by the families past, present and future hopes for an individual introduced into the family life cycle. The family life cycle highlights the fact that one’s experiences within the family life cycle impacts on our sense of self, for example the values we produce and the development of our personalities. This applies to each individual despite the structure, qualities of relationships or genetics of one’s family. The family has a responsibility to provide whats known as a natural baseline for an individual to grow physically, mentally, socially and emotionally, it also holds responsibilit y for the social institutions in which will affect the growth of the individual i.e. schools and church they may attend. The family life cycle it-self is broken into six parts, which are: Independence (second order changes), coupling (with or without marriage and synergy), parenting young children (participating in reproduction), parenting adolescents, launching adult children and retirement (facing senior years). Each stage contains mastering certain skills or milestones and once this is achieved it allows for the next stage to be developed. There are many ways to study the family which creates many different perspectives. One of these ways is through the functionalist approach. The functionalist approach focuses on the relationship between the family and society. When looking at the family the functionalist approach studies the function in which the family severs to society, such as reproduction and stabilization. Shaws 2002 explains the development of the functionalist approach stating that the perspective emerged as a leading theoretical model, mainly in the area of sociology as three well known sociologists influenced the model. Wallace and Wolf (1995, p.76) defines functionalism, as a whole theoretical perspective, which takes into account four main areas, which are ‘Functional Independence in maintaining social structure, Collective norms to maintain social order/ stability, Societal equilibrium in areas of conformity, adjustments and consensus, along with social constituents and finally Social Pathology and deviance which have resulted from maladjustments of social units’. The functionalist perspective studies society on two levels called Macro and Micro. Macro focuses on society as a whole, polices, services and the community in general. Micro focuses on the individual, the family and reproduction system. The functionalist approach realizes society is broken into institutions. Institutions are defined by Giddens (1984, p.24) ‘as the more enduring social features in life’. The main institution in society is the family, O’Sullivan (2012, p.1) define the family as a natural, primary and fundamental unit group in society a ‘moral institution that possesses inalienable and imprescriptibly rights’. It is the nuclear family (a couple with a depended child or children) that’s a core unit in all types of society. The usefulness of a family in society is limitless in many ways, for example socialization and social order and so by seen the family as a whole in society, it provided changes in society as the needs of family changed, but creating change depends on how societies are governed/run. In support of this is Fletcher (1973) who states the role of the family in terms of socialization and social order falls into two categories which are satisfying human needs and purposes and providing a functional interconnection with the wider social networks of society (school, church). Overview of the client family circumstances Sean is a male aged 27 years. He has an intellectual disability and has attended services for those who have an intellectual disability all his life. World Health Organisation (2014) define intellectual disability as extensively reduction on one’s capability to be aware of information and to learn and apply new skills, in this, individuals are affected to cope independently as the disability have affected their development. Sean is now in a service that promotes independence for those who have an intellectual disability. Sean lives in rural Dublin, a partly disadvantaged area. He lacks motivation and self confidence. He has the capacity to physically work in certain areas and has work for a short period of time. He had the capacity to write and read, but has never been assisted appropriately in the area and is now restricted to learn. He has a great knowledge about current affairs and enjoys talking about this with people he knows. He has a passion for music and one of his hob bies is listening to music. He grew up in a family of three boys who are younger than him, his mother and father. One of Sean brothers pasted away due to tragic accident. The family members are very supportive and its clear Sean has a strong attachment to them. Critique of strengths limitations of each theory in relation to the particular client family Limitations of the family life cycle The family life cycle does not take into account the fact that an individual can â€Å"skip† or progress to another step without fulfilling each step as a sequence. For example in Sean’s case he hasn’t fully transitioned out of the independence stage but has committed to a new social system which is attending his work on a daily basis. He has also started at the independence stage and may skip past the coupling, parenting and launching children stages and still reach his senior years. The family life cycle can be studied and understood from two perspectives; a limitation to this is that in general it focused more on the family perspective. For example in Sean case he has an intellectual disability, but up until Sean started attending the service which promotes independence his perspective wasn’t accounted for. The independence stage highlights one gaining their identity within the family and outside the family unfortunately for Sean this transition has bec ome difficult and is still a working progress, because in the area of gaining roles and learning the rules within the family Sean gain a role of depended, even in areas he had the capacity to be independent for example making a sandwich or buying himself new clothes. The rules underlining this depend behavior was never challenged and from a family perspective is understood as they wanted to care for Sean in the best way they taught. Caring for Sean in this way would have also become a norm for the family, as he is depended on the family for other things such as transport. The family life cycle was limited as the understanding of the stages wasn’t promoted or applied specifically to Sean case (a person with an intellectual disability). In general the family life cycle is implemented as best practice, when really it should be implemented generally and globally for families as a clear outline of one’s transitions. In Sean’s case if the family understood when he was born that he needed to transition though these stages (for a positive/ practical future) to the best of his capacity even with an intellectual disability then he could have reached his full potential for example reading, writing living more independently which would benefit him and his family, as the family will reach their retirement and senior years and Sean would have learnt the basic life skills which he needs at a more practical time and he would have become less depended on the family and became more confident and motivated in his everyday life. Strengths of the family life cycle The family life cycle strength is that it highlights one’s life cycle in general. In Sean’s case he will reach his senior year, in this the life cycle insures that one builds on each stage to the best of their capacity so they reach their full potential as individuals. Working with Sean gives him the opportunity to develop as a person and live his life in the way in which he chooses. For example he acknowledges now that he want to become more independent and aspire to how his younger brothers are living and by applying the family life cycle to best practice and the family it gives him the opportunity to so accordingly. The independence stage is defined by My Health Albert (2014) as the most critical stage of the family life cycle. It is a stage where one begins separate emotionally from the family and in Sean’s case he is doing by speaking out on how he feels and by participating in such activities as buying himself everything’s like food and treating himself to DVD’s. However, the family life cycle begins when a child is born; therefore the life cycle gave Sean the chance to be able to work on the stages even at a later stage in life. For example Sean is 27 years of age and its now he’s working intensely towards the other stages of the family life cycle and even though some stages may not apply to him its only a benefit for him to be able to work towards the ones he is capable of reaching with support from services and his family. Limitations of the functionalist approach A limitation to the functionalist approach is the ideal or overly harmonious image of the family, one in which is well integrated, holding social order and socialization. It doesn’t provide a practical image of the stresses and difficulties in which the traditional family go through. For example Sean was the first child born into the family and he had an intellectual disability. This could have distorted the ideal image/norm/traditional of what the couple had expected with the birth of their first child. The functionalist approach does not consider the alternatives ways for the couple to provide the basic care for a child with an intellectual disability. For example in Sean case, the functionalist approach doesn’t highlighted the importance of services provided for a couple with a child who has an intellectual disability, as the couple may need to depend earlier on services such as the health services to guide them in providing the best care for Sean. The services would have to be integrated in Sean case at a earlier level which this approach does not highlight, for example they could provide information in the area of intellectual disabilities, enrolling him in appreciate school, integrating him into society. In the area of developing institutions functionalist says it’s developed out of satisfying the human needs through fulfilling and organizing various human social needs, in Sean case he hasn’t been fulfilled academically, such as reading and writing and his social needs also lack as the hasn’t intergraded or participated in areas of his choice. The various ways in which the functionalist approach organizes and institutionalizes the human needs is ultimately creating social structure in society, although it does create order it’s not the best approach to practice as it creates stigma around such areas as intellectual disability for example Sean had the capacity to attend mainstream school but due to the fact he had an intellectual disability he attended a special needs school. The stigma from institutionalizing those who have an intellectual disability promoted the idea they didn’t have the capacity to make decisions for themselves (social norm) or to participate in activities including intimate relationships, for example Sean has the capacity to make a decision for himself but due to the influence/ norms of the family and society he wasn’t given the opportunity. Strengths of the functionalist approach The strength of the functionalist approach is the fact it highlights the importance of services for families caring for children. In Sean case he was able to attend services in which provided the best care for those who have an intellectual disability at the time. It highlights the importance of family and even with the services interacting with the family; the family fundamentally provide the basic fundamental care. The family provide the values and norms for the individual and they take responsibility to intergraded their children into the community, for example Sean attend the service regularly as the family provide the transport for him, Sean father encourages Sean to go to the movies and participate in music as he has a passion for music. Sean own value shine through as he completes such things as spending money, a value in which relates to his home environment and where he was brought up. As society grows, the social needs become greater, which in turn gives minority groups a v oice. The functionalist approach appreciates and highlights these changes. Once highlight the changes can be implemented into lawmaking systems, it can develop the political system and education system. In the case of Sean he can voice his opinion and make decisions for himself, due to the rights provided by policies which have been amended. An example of this would be the work done around the issues of sexuality and relationships for those who have an intellectual disability. The Irish Sex Education Network has the primary aim to promote a high professional standard in the area of sex education for those who have an intellectual disability (Allen and Seery 2002, p.3) Conclusion In conclusion to this essay has given a brief over view of two sociological perspectives, which are the family life cycle and the functionalist approach. In reference to these theories it has applied a practice based example, in which it gives an in depth review of the strengths and limitations of the each theory. In reference to the family life cycle, it highlights the different stages in which Sean has progressed through and ones he could work towards with support. The family life cycle helps predict stages in which the service user will not be able to transition into due to lack of support from family and the services provided and in general because their capacity won’t allow. In applying the functionalist perspective, it highlights the interaction of the family and the services available for those who have an intellectual disability. It highlights how this interaction is of up most important to better the quality of life for service users. Bibliography Allen, M. Seery, D. (2002) The Current Status of Sex Education Practice For People with an Intellectual Disability In Ireland, [Online] Dublin: Irish Sex Education Network. Available at:http://www.sexualhealthcentre.com/PUBLICATIONS/SHC%20Disability%20Report2.pdf [Accessed 27 January 2014] American Association on Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities (2013) Intellectual Disability [Online] Available at: http://aaidd.org/intellectual-disability/definition#.Ux9ntT9_sR8  [Accessed 1 February 2014] Carter, E.A McGoldrick, M (1999) The expanded family life cycle: individual, family, and social perspectives, Boston : Allyn and Bacon Claveirole, A and Gaughan, M. (2011) Understanding Children and Young Peoples Mental Health: United Kingdom:John Wiley Sons Ltd Falicov, C.J (1988) Family Transitions: Continuity and Change over the Life Cycle, New York: The Guilford Press Fletcher, R (1978) The Family and Marriage in Britian: An analysis and moral assessment,Virgina: Penguin Giddens, A. (1984) The Constitution of Society: Outline of the Theory of Structuration, United States of America: The University of California Press O’Sullivan, D. (2012) A Critical Analysis of the protection of families under the Irish Constitution of 1937 [Online] Dublin: Colr .Available at: http://corkonlinelawreview.com/editions/2012/ACriticalAnalysisOfTheProtectionOfFamiliesUnderTheIrishConstitutionOf1937.DonnachaOSullivan.pdf [Accessed 29 January 2014] My Health Albert (2014) Family life cycle: Independence Stage [Online] available at  https://myhealth.alberta.ca/health/pages/conditions.aspx?hwid=ty6171#ty6174  Accessed 5 January 2014 Shaw V.N, (2002) Substance Use and Abuse: Sociological Perspectives United States of America: Greenwood Publishing Group Inc Wallace, R. A and Wolf, A. (1995) Contemporary Sociological Theory: Continuing the Classical Tradition, New Jersey: Prentice-Hall. World Health Organisation (2014) Intellectual Disability, [Online] Available at: http://www.euro.who.int/en/health-topics/noncommunicable-diseases/mental-health/news/news/2010/15/childrens-right-to-family-life/definition-intellectual-disability [Accessed on 5th March 2014]

The Pet Food Market :: Business Marketing Studies

4. Draw a perceptual map for the pet food market as a whole to be included as an appendix of the final report. The perceptual map shows us the spending on advertising of different brands against the average sale price of their products. It can be seen that although some brands have very high advertisement expenses, their products aren?t classified in the super-premium price class. Whiskas products are priced averagely whereas IAMS charges a high price for its products, although it doesn?t promote its image in such a way. Whiskas is surely more well-known than the rest, having a advertisement expenditure far greater than any other brand. This is mainly due to the multinational position of Mars Incorporation, its products being retailed all over the world. 5. Produce a fully referenced macro-environmental analysis for the national pet food market. Approx. 250 words On the political side, the UK has a great number of legislation governing the pet food market. Though the pet food market is subject to the same legislation as human food, there are a number of individual parts of legislation for that particular market as well: The Animal By-Products has guidelines on what ingredients are permitted for the production of pet food, as well as the processing procedures of these products. (Great Britain. Statutory Instruments, 2001) The Feeding Stuffs Regulations 2000 include regulations about appropriate labelling of the advertised product and criteria for the use of additives and contaminants. (Great Britain. Statutory Instruments, 2000) To ensure that the customer is properly informed about the product, the Packaging Goods Regulations requires that the net weight of pre-packed foods is displayed properly on each pack. There?s the problem with the VAT on pet food varying widely across Europe. Some countries apply the same tax rate on pet food as on human food, whereas others impose a higher rate on pet food. As for the UK, human food is zero-rated, but pet food is charged at the standard rate of 17.5%. This causes discontent amongst people in the industry, seeing themselves in a competitive disadvantage. (PFMA) Economic factors don?t have a large impact on the pet food market, because it is a necessity rather than a luxury. A decline in the economy would probably enable owners to move away from premium brands to low-cost supermarket pet food. Social benefits are explained thoroughly in the ?pets are good for you? report by the petcare trust (2003). According to the statistics pets make their owners feel happier and reduce health problems like The Pet Food Market :: Business Marketing Studies 4. Draw a perceptual map for the pet food market as a whole to be included as an appendix of the final report. The perceptual map shows us the spending on advertising of different brands against the average sale price of their products. It can be seen that although some brands have very high advertisement expenses, their products aren?t classified in the super-premium price class. Whiskas products are priced averagely whereas IAMS charges a high price for its products, although it doesn?t promote its image in such a way. Whiskas is surely more well-known than the rest, having a advertisement expenditure far greater than any other brand. This is mainly due to the multinational position of Mars Incorporation, its products being retailed all over the world. 5. Produce a fully referenced macro-environmental analysis for the national pet food market. Approx. 250 words On the political side, the UK has a great number of legislation governing the pet food market. Though the pet food market is subject to the same legislation as human food, there are a number of individual parts of legislation for that particular market as well: The Animal By-Products has guidelines on what ingredients are permitted for the production of pet food, as well as the processing procedures of these products. (Great Britain. Statutory Instruments, 2001) The Feeding Stuffs Regulations 2000 include regulations about appropriate labelling of the advertised product and criteria for the use of additives and contaminants. (Great Britain. Statutory Instruments, 2000) To ensure that the customer is properly informed about the product, the Packaging Goods Regulations requires that the net weight of pre-packed foods is displayed properly on each pack. There?s the problem with the VAT on pet food varying widely across Europe. Some countries apply the same tax rate on pet food as on human food, whereas others impose a higher rate on pet food. As for the UK, human food is zero-rated, but pet food is charged at the standard rate of 17.5%. This causes discontent amongst people in the industry, seeing themselves in a competitive disadvantage. (PFMA) Economic factors don?t have a large impact on the pet food market, because it is a necessity rather than a luxury. A decline in the economy would probably enable owners to move away from premium brands to low-cost supermarket pet food. Social benefits are explained thoroughly in the ?pets are good for you? report by the petcare trust (2003). According to the statistics pets make their owners feel happier and reduce health problems like

The Positive Impact of Legalizing Marijuana Essay -- Drugs Legalize Le

The Positive Impact of Legalizing Marijuana For many years, the United States government has prohibited drugs such as marijuana from sale in the marketplace. Yet, with prohibition, marijuana use has decreased only minimally. Because of prohibition, the media has publicized only the bad aspects of marijuana use. What many people do not realize are the many positive aspects of marijuana legalization, including new medical cures, cleaner and more efficient industry, and reduced marijuana usage. Marijuana, as most people commonly know it, is really a plant called hemp, or 'cannabis sativa'. There are other plants called hemp, but cannabis hemp is the most useful of these plants. 'Hemp' is any durable plant used since prehistory for many purposes. Cannabis is the most durable of the hemp plants, and it produces the toughest cloth, named 'canvass'. The cannabis plant also produces three other very important products that other plants do not (in usable form): seed, pulp, and medicine. To understand why hemp is illegal, it is necessar y that we take a look at the law prohibiting hemp today. The law that prohibits hemp is called the "Comprehensive Drug Abuse and Control Act of 1970". The Comprehensive Drug Abuse and Control Act of 1970 (Public Law 91-513) overhauled the nation's drug regulation apparatus. Title II of the law, known as the Controlled Substances Act, established criteria for determining which drugs should be controlled, mechanisms for reducing the availability of controlled drugs, and a structure of penalties for illegal distribution and possession of controlled drugs. Marijuana, hashish, and THC are listed in Schedule I, the most restrictive classification. We also have to understand the reasons why marijuana, the drug,... ...dystonia can also attest to benefits derived from smoking marijuana. In 1981, it was reported that patients with idiopathic dystonia improved when they smoked marijuana. This is a group of disorders characterized by abnormal movements and postures resulting from prolonged spasms or muscle contractions. Animal studies confirmed that cannabinoids might have antidysotonic properties, and scientists undertook another human experiment in 1986 that showed the same results. There are many uses for marijuana, and many are unexplored. Actually, some are explored in depth because of interest, and others are left behind. There are probably many other uses that have not been found because of the lack of experimentation on the drug as a whole. If the drug is legalized, there will be much more research done on the drug, and hopefully the drug will begin to be approved for use.

End of Life Essay

According to IOM (2008), the next generation of older adults will be like no other before it. It will be the most educated and diverse group of older adults in the nation’s history. They will set themselves apart from their predecessors by having fewer children, higher divorce rates, and a lower likelihood of living in poverty. But the key distinguishing feature of the next generation of older Americans will be their vast numbers. According to the most recent census numbers, there are now 78 million Americans who were born between 1946 and 1964. By 2030 the youngest members of the baby boom generation will be at least 65, and the number of older adults 65 years and older in the United States is expected to be more than 70 million, or almost double the nearly 37 million older adults alive in 2005. The number of the â€Å"oldest old,† those who are 80 and over, is also expected to nearly double, from 11 million to 20 million (Institute of Medicine of the National Academies [IOM], 2008, p. 29). The United States health care system faces enormous challenges as the baby boomer generation nears retirement age. Current reimbursement policies, workforce practices, and resource allocations all need to be re-evaluated, and redesigned in order to prepare the health care system for meeting the needs of the inevitably growing population of older adults. Areas such as education, training, recruitment, and retention of the health care workforce serving older adults will require remodeling. To accomplish this will require the dedication and allocation of greater financial resources, even at a time when budgets are already be severely stretched. â€Å"The nation is responsible for ensuring that older adults will be cared for by a health care workforce prepared to provide high-quality care. If current Medicare and Medicaid policies and workforce trends continue, the nation will fail to meet this responsibility. Throwing more money into a system that is not designed to deliver high-quality, cost-effective care or to facilitate the development of an appropriate workforce would be a largely wasted effort† (IOM, 2008, p. 1-12). Ethical Standards for Resource Allocation Ethics have a paramount role in solving the complex dilemmas surrounding the aging population and health care. There are several ethical standards I believe should be used in determining resource allocation for the aging population and end of life care. Yet realistically, most are unreasonable with the already limited resources available for health care. Unfortunately difficult decisions need to be made in the allocation of resources. Three primary ethical standards that could realistically improve health care for the aging, which I believe should determine resource allocations are: 1. Autonomy: suggest that individuals have a right to determine what is in their own best interest, though that interest may be limited if exercising that right limits the rights of others. 2. Beneficence: means that clinicians should act completely in the interest of their patients. Compassion; taking positive action to help others; desire to do good; core principle of our patient advocacy. 3. Justice: implies fairness and that all groups have an equal right to clinical services regardless of race, gender, age, income, or any other characteristic (Teutsch & Rechel, 2012, p. 1). It is inevitable that difficult decisions have to be made regarding how health care resources will be allocated for the aging and dying. In my opinion scarce health care resources should be offered as fair as possible (justice), to do the most good for the patient in every situation (beneficence), with respect of the individual human right to have control of what happens to their own body (autonomy). Elderly and end of life patients have a right to care that is dignified and honest. The three ethical standards noted above should be the driving force behind determining health care resource allocations, allowing for quality care delivery, tailored to individual health needs at any stage of â€Å"aging† through the end of life, ensuring protection and satisfaction to such a vulnerable patient population. As stated by Maddox (1998), perhaps the impact of the array of problems, issues, and the myriad difficult decisions that policymakers and managers make may be softened by imaginative and rational strategies to finance, organize, and deliver health care when resources are scarce. Decisions related to scarce resource allocations must be made in consideration of the ethical principles of autonomy, beneficence, and especially justice. Ethical issues related to scarce resource allocation are likely to become increasingly complex in the future. Thus, it is imperative that health care leaders diligently and ethically continue to explore these issues (Maddox, 1998, p. 41). Somehow, while using the three standards noted, we need to reform our health care system to benefit the aging and dying, and adhere to the codes of conduct the best way possible with the limited resources available. If there is a will, there is a way! Ethical Challenges The critically challenging ethical issue of â€Å"aged based health care rationing† is faced when preparing for an adequate health care system that will meet the care needs of the aging and dying. According to AAM (1988), the rationale for a program of health care rationing based on age rests on the assumption that society should allocate its resources efficiently, and that age-based rationing represents the most efficient method of resource allocation. Within this context, it has been argued that since most of the elderly are not in the work force they do not directly benefit society. Although the elderly, it is argued, should be provided with basic necessities and comfort, the greatest portion of health care resources, including expensive medical technologies, are better deployed on younger, more productive segments of the population (American Medical Association [AMA], 1988, p. 1). One tool developed by economist that has been used to measure value of ones life so to speak is known as â€Å"quality adjusted life years or QALY†. It is a widely used measure of health improvement that is used to guide health-care resource allocation decisions. The QALY was originally developed as a measure of health effectiveness for cost-effectiveness analysis, a method intended to aid decision-makers charged with allocating scarce resources across competing health-care program (Kovner & Knickman, 2011, p. 258). Another common term for health care rationing is known as the â€Å"death panel, or Obama Death Council†. This panel is a government agency that would decide who would receive health care and who would not receive health care based on some form of standard implemented by the government. One difficult ethical question posed is, if we do ration health care, who decides how it is rationed, when and why? The advocates of rationing argue that society benefits from the increase in economic productivity that results when medical resources are diverted from an elderly, retired population to those younger members of society who are more likely to be working. As stated by Binstock (200), promoting age-based rationing is detrimental to the elderly because it devalues the status of older people and caters to the values of a youth- oriented culture, a culture in which negative stereotyping based on age is prevalent. One possible consequence of denying health care to elderly persons is what it might do to the quality of life for all of us as we approach the â€Å"too old for health care† category. Societal acceptance of the notion that elderly people are unworthy of having their lives saved could markedly shape our general outlook toward the meaning and value of our lives in old age. At the least it might engender the unnecessarily gloomy prospect that old age should be anticipated and experienced as a stage in which the quality of life is low. The specter of morbidity and decline could be pervasive and over- whelming (Binstock, 2007, p. 8). Other ethical challenges related to the provisions of aging based health care are: 1. Lack of education amongst health care providers in meeting the care needs of the aging and dying as well as providers faced with ethically challenging decisions especially at the end of life. 2. Lack of funds to support the diverse and challenging health needs of the aging, and promotion of comfort when dying, whether it be funds for care, facility placement, or ability to hire enough staff to me the high demands of a large population, and education. 3. Cost effectiveness vs. quality of care vs. quality of life â€Å"In the end, there is no â€Å"solution† to the problem of aging, at least no solution that a civilized society could ever tolerate. Rather, our task is to do the best we can with the world as it is, improving what we can but especially avoiding as much as possible the greatest evils and miseries of living with old age: namely, the temptation of betrayal, the illusion of perpetual youth, the despair of frailty, and the loneliness of aging and dying alone† (Georgetown University, 2005, para. 62). One way or another it is imperative to our aging society that a health care system is developed under the principals of autonomy, beneficence, and justice that will not deliver care based on rationing and determination of ones’ worth, but based on the individual and their health needs that will facilitate optimal aging and peaceful dying. References American Medical Association. (1988). Ethical implications of age-based rationing of health care (I-88). Retrieved from http://www. ama-assn. org/resources/doc/ethics/ceja_bi88. pdf Binstock, R. H. (2007, August). Our aging societies: ethical, moral, and policy challenges. Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease, 12, 3-9. Retrieved from http://web. ebscohost. com. ezp. waldenulibrary. org/ehost/pdfviewer/pdfviewer? sid=64fb29eb-cd59-49c6-8750-ad2528de0fba%40sessionmgr110&vid=13&hid=114 Georgetown University. (2005). Taking care: ethical caregiving of our aging society. Retrieved from http://bioethics. georgetown. edu/pcbe/reports/taking_care/chapter1. html Institute of Medicine of the National Academies. (2008). Retooling for an aging America: building the health care workforce. Retrieved from http://www. fhca. org/members/workforce/retooling. pdf Kovner, PhD, A. R. , & Knickman, PhD, J. R. (2011). Jonas & Kovner’s Health Care Delivery in the United States (10th ed. , pp. 1-404). New York: Springer Publishing Company. Maddox, P. J. (1998, December). Administrative ethics and the allocation of scarce resources. The Online Journal of Issues in Nursing, 3(3). Retrieved from http://www. nursingworld. org/MainMenuCategories/ANAMarketplace/ANAPeriodicals/OJIN/TableofContents/Vol31998/No3Dec1998/ScarceResources. html Teutsch, S. , & Rechel, B. (2012). Ethics of resource allocation and rationing medical care in a time of fiscal restraint _ US and Europe. Public Health Reviews, 34(1), 10. Retrieved from http://www. publichealthreviews. eu/upload/pdf_files/11/00_Teutsch. pdf

Persuasive Essay: Legalizing Marijuana Essay

Marijuana use is on the rise, especially among teenagers and young adults. With the recent laws passed in eight states about legalizing medical marijuana , many stand divided when it comes to this never ending debate, but I firmly believe that this miracle working drug should be legalized throughout the United States. Marijuana is by far the most commonly used illegal drug. Statistics show that over 70 million Americans have tried Marijuana and over 20 million smoked it last year. So it is safe to assume that although marijuana use may decrease in the years to come, as did Heroin and LSD, it is here to stay. Colorado, Nevada, Alaska, California, Hawaii, Maine, Oregon & Washington have already passed laws allowing the use of medical Marijuana. In the fall of 1996, California voters approved the medical marijuana initiative (proposition 215). The act is entitled The Compassionate Use Act of 1996 and its purpose is to give Californians the right to possess and grow marijuana for medical purposes, where the medical use is deemed appropriate and has been recommended by a doctor who has determined the person’s health would benefit from the use of marijuana in the treatment of Cancer, anorexia, AIDS, chronic pain, spasticity, glaucoma, arthritis, migraines, or any other illness for which marijuana provides relief. Nothing in the act permits persons using marijuana for medical purposes to engage in conduct that endangers others, allows distribution of marijuana for non medical purposes or permits the buying or selling of marijuana. Dennis Peron, the man who launched proposition 215 also started the cannabis buyers club in San Francisco. The purpose behind starting this club was to distribute weed to AIDS, cancer and other patients. With only a doctors note the club’s 12,000  members could buy pot and then relax while listening to music, nothing harmful at all! And of course the San Francisco police department eventually closed the club down. The main idea behind legalizing drugs is it’s medical advantages. Marijuana is said to have many uses as healing drug. Marijuana being used as medicine has been studied for many years. In many cultures it is used as medicine and stems back many generations. The first recorded use of marijuana as medicine was in China. It has been said that in Pen Tsao Ching during the first or second century, boiled hemp compound was used as an anesthetic for surgical patients. The compound is said to have many uses including, clearing the blood, cooling temperature, clearing fluxes, undoing rheumatism and discharging pus from patients. China isn’t the only country to use this drug in early times it was introduced in Southeast Asia in the sixteenth century. Cambodia, Thailand and Vietnam are said to have current uses of marijuana for medicine. In Cambodia they have an enormous list of uses, including, treating malaria, reliving asthma, calming the nerves, regulating the heart and treati ng paralysis. In Thailand, it’s used in folk medicine as well as in the official medical reports. In folk medicine, people dry the leaves and then boil them to treat migraines and dizzy spells. Marijuana has survived the passing of time and still helps the sick today. The advanced stages of treatment for patients with Cancer, AIDS and other diseases often include, terrible nausea, vomiting, and different types of pain. Patients have reported much relief from these devastating symptoms by using marijuana. The alleviation of said symptoms can be so striking that some patients and their families having been willing to risk jail time to obtain or grow marijuana. Marijuana must be studied and tested more to prove effectiveness but because it is not legal, doctors don’t want to study a drug that they could never use. In 1988 administrative law judge Francis Young found that marijuana in it’s natural form is one of the safest therapeutically active substances known to man. At present it is estimated that marijuana’s lethal dose is around 1:20,000 or 1:40,000. Or simply put, a smoker would theoretically have to  consume 20,000 to 40,000 times as much marijuana as is contained in one marijuana cigarette or joint, nearly 1500 pounds of marijuana in about fifteen minutes to induce a lethal response. Which basically means marijuana is non-lethal, as it is impossible to consume that much in such a short amount of time. Advocates of legalization raise several points. They claim the there would be fewer people selling drugs because it would be regulated and profits would be cut. They also claim that drug-dealing criminals would virtually vanish causing crime and violence rates to plummet. Legalizing marijuana raises a lot of questions for instance, who would sell the drugs? Private companies? The government? How would legalization affect health insurance and the overall cost of healthcare? And probably the most important question of all, would the use of legalized drugs by employees in certain occupations be prohibited? Since marijuana can remain in the body for weeks after use, would marijuana use by employees in jobs in which safety and security are issues be forbidden, even when off the clock? What about airline pilots, surgeons, police, firefighters, military personnel, bus drivers, railroad engineers, cross country truckers, nuclear reactor operators and even wall street brokers and teachers As far as America is concerned, we are the land of the free . Or are we? Do people have a right to â€Å"get high†? As times change and we progress into the future should our laws change as well? Only time will tell as the war against drugs wages on and the fight to le galized marijuana leaves a country divided. Work Cited LaFave, Kathi. Marijuana As Medicine?. www.personal.umd.umich.edu/marcyb/mj/lafave.html.online.1999 Miller, Lawrence Richard. The Case For Legalizing Drugs. New York: Praeger, 1991 Schaler, Jeffrey A. Drugs. New York: Prometheus Books, 1998 Zimmer, Lynn, Morgan ,John P. Marijuana Myths Marijuana Facts. New York: Lindesmith Center, 1997.